Whole Reach

WholeReach · industry directory

Public Relations

The companies that define the public relations industry, each read on the same nine-check website rubric — a 0–100 score with the exact fixes — alongside the concepts, the developments and the questions that shape the field.

32companies tracked
20sites scored
77average site score
12blocked our scanner

The companies

20 companies in the public relations industry, each graded on the nine things that decide whether a buyer or an AI assistant can find and trust them online. Open any name for the full write-up and the specific fixes.

CompanyHQ / regionSite score
ECPR Texasecprtexas.comUS (Austin, TX)100 0 to fix
Meltwaterwww.meltwater.comNorway (global)100 0 to fix
Zeno Groupwww.zenogroup.comUS (New York, global)100 0 to fix
Brandwatchwww.brandwatch.comUK (global)92 1 to fix
Mighty Citizenwww.mightycitizen.comUS (Austin, TX)92 1 to fix
Praytellwww.praytellagency.comUS (multi-city)88 1 to fix
Bursonwww.bursonglobal.comUS (New York, global)84 2 to fix
Propelpropel.ioUS (global)82 2 to fix
Featuredwww.featured.comUS (global)80 2 to fix
Method Communicationswww.methodcommunications.comUS (Salt Lake City / San Francisco / New York)80 2 to fix
PR Newswirewww.prnewswire.comUS (global)80 2 to fix
Bosparbospar.comUS (San Francisco, distributed)76 2 to fix
Crosswind Media & Public Relationscrosswindpr.comUS (Austin, TX)76 3 to fix
Mission Northwww.missionnorth.comUS (San Francisco / New York)70 3 to fix
Cisionwww.cision.comUS (global)68 3 to fix
MentionMatch (formerly Help a B2B Writer)mentionmatch.comUS (global)66 4 to fix
Giant Noisewww.giantnoise.comUS (Austin, TX)64 4 to fix
Prowlyprowly.comPoland (global)62 4 to fix
Highwirewww.teamhighwire.comUS (San Francisco / New York, distributed)58 4 to fix
Cooksey Communicationscookseypr.comUS (Irving, TX)27 7 to fix

70+ solid   45–69 gaps   under 45 costing customers

Sites we couldn’t reach

12 businesses whose website blocked our scanner — common when a site filters datacenter traffic, and not a sign the site is broken. A blocked site is never scored zero.

BIG FISH PR · bigfishpr.com ↗Business Wire · www.businesswire.com ↗Edelman · www.edelman.com ↗FleishmanHillard · fleishmanhillard.com ↗Golin Ketchum · golinketchum.com ↗Hahn · hahn.agency ↗Hill & Knowlton · hillandknowlton.com ↗Muck Rack · muckrack.com ↗Notified · www.notified.com ↗Onclusive · onclusive.com ↗Qwoted · www.qwoted.com ↗Weber Shandwick · webershandwick.com ↗

Who defines the public relations market

The firms, funds and institutions that set the terms in public relations — context, not local listings; never scored.

AMEC Barcelona Principlesauthority

The International Association for the Measurement and Evaluation of Communication's framework, established in 2010 and updated to 3.0 in 2020, defining goal setting, outcome measurement, organisational performance effect, and transparent replicable method — and stating explicitly that advertising value equivalency is not the value of communication. The standard that replaced AVE, and the citation that ends the argument.

Arthur W. Page Societyauthority

The membership community of chief communications officers, whose Page Principles ('tell the truth', 'prove it with action', 'listen to stakeholders', among others) are the standard framing for enterprise-level communications ethics and the CCO's role in corporate character.

Austin American-Statesmanauthority

Austin's daily newspaper, operating under Gannett after years of contraction. Still the broadest general-audience print and digital reach in the market, with a much smaller newsroom than a decade ago — which means fewer beats and far higher selectivity per pitch.

Austin Monitorauthority

Nonprofit, reader-supported newsroom covering Austin city hall, council, land use, zoning and local government at a depth no commercial outlet in the market matches. Essential for any development, permitting, civic or public-sector story, and routinely the source other Austin outlets follow.

BIG FISH PRcompetitor

Boston-headquartered independent focused on creative storytelling, targeted media relations and earned-media campaigns for product launches and brand repositioning. Included as a direct earned-media specialist competitor; despite the similar name it is not an Austin firm.

Bosparcompetitor

Independent 'politely pushy' technology PR firm operating a fully distributed model across San Francisco, Los Angeles, New York, Chicago and Boston, covering AI, cloud, cybersecurity, fintech and healthtech, with crisis, IR and social capabilities and its own AI-visibility audit product.

Brandwatchtechnology source

Social listening and consumer research platform used for share of voice, sentiment tracking, crisis early warning and audience analysis alongside traditional media monitoring.

Bursoncompetitor

WPP's global communications agency, created in 2024 by combining BCW and Hill & Knowlton. Positions itself explicitly around creating value through reputation, with strengths in corporate and financial communications, crisis, public affairs and healthcare.

Business Wiretechnology source

Newswire distribution with strong regulatory and disclosure workflows, widely used for earnings and material announcements where simultaneous broad dissemination matters under Regulation FD. Site blocks automated fetching.

Cisiontechnology source

The incumbent enterprise platform combining a large media contact database, monitoring, analytics and PR Newswire distribution. Broadest coverage in the category and the default for large corporate communications teams.

Cision State of the Media Reportauthority

Annual global survey of working journalists on pitch preferences, what makes them discard outreach, trust in sources, use of AI and the pressures on their newsrooms. Together with Muck Rack's State of Journalism, the primary evidence base for how media relations should actually be conducted.

Cooksey Communicationscompetitor

North Texas strategic communications firm covering media relations, crisis and issues management, stakeholder engagement and branding for public sector, transportation, real estate and economic development clients. Headquartered in the DFW metro, not Austin, but competes across Texas.

Crosswind Media & Public Relationscompetitor

Austin-headquartered firm with offices in Houston, Dallas, Amarillo, Los Angeles and Washington DC, combining public relations and crisis communications with its own Texas Pulse consumer research and executive voice coaching. Verified as currently operating; note that its former crosswindmedia.com domain is no longer in use.

ECPR Texascompetitor

Formerly Elizabeth Christian Public Relations, now positioned as a civic impact firm combining strategic PR, advocacy communications, crisis management, coalition building and video. Deep Texas government and civic relationships make it the default choice for Austin work where the audience is policymakers and the community as much as the press.

Edelmancompetitor

The largest independent public relations firm in the world, spanning corporate reputation, crisis, brand, public affairs and health communications. Its annual Trust Barometer is the most-cited primary research in the industry and functions as marketing, thought leadership and category definition at once — the benchmark every other network is measured against.

Featuredtechnology source

Platform matching subject-matter experts to publisher questions, producing quoted mentions across business publications. Useful for building citation volume, but the output is aggregated Q&A content rather than reported journalism, and it should be evaluated on that basis.

FleishmanHillardcompetitor

Global network with particular depth in public affairs, healthcare, technology and reputation management, and a long-standing research and planning practice. Frequently the network of record for regulated industries and multinational corporate communications.

FTC Disclosures 101 for Social Media Influencersauthority

The FTC's practical guide for creators and the brands that hire them: when to disclose, where the disclosure must appear, what wording is adequate, and why platform tools alone are not sufficient. The document to hand to any client running creator placements.

FTC Endorsement Guidesauthority

The Federal Trade Commission's plain-language guidance on endorsements, testimonials and reviews, revised in 2023. Defines material connection, what a clear and conspicuous disclosure looks like, and the liability of advertisers, agencies and endorsers alike — the controlling reference for any sponsored or influencer placement.

FTC Native Advertising: A Guide for Businessesauthority

The FTC's guidance on paid content designed to look like editorial, built around the net impression a reasonable consumer takes away. Governs sponsored content, branded articles and paid placements that resemble journalism.

Giant Noisecompetitor

Austin-founded agency past its twentieth year, with offices in San Antonio, Dallas and Houston, working across PR, social, influencer, paid media and experiential for tourism, hospitality, food and beverage, architecture and entertainment clients. The strongest Austin competitor for consumer and lifestyle earned media.

Golin Ketchumcompetitor

The combined agency formed from Golin and Ketchum and launched in June 2026, bringing together two of the most awarded networks of the past decade. Golin's consumer, brand and creator strengths sit alongside Ketchum's corporate reputation, food and beverage and public affairs practices.

Hahncompetitor

Formerly Hahn Public, Austin's longest-established agency of its kind with roughly five decades of operation and additional offices in New Braunfels and Houston. Sells public relations and crisis management alongside advertising, media planning, creative and digital — the incumbent an Austin client most often compares a specialist PR shop against.

Highwirecompetitor

Independent agency serving technology, healthcare and life sciences companies from early stage through IPO, combining media relations with analyst relations, executive positioning and data-driven measurement.

Public Relations guides

Media relations and pitching

The core craft: building and maintaining a media list, researching what a reporter actually covers, writing a pitch with a real hook, timing outreach, following up without burning the relationship, and knowing when there is no story. The highest-intent pillar because it is what clients think they are buying.

Earned media strategy and campaign planning

Turning business objectives into a coverage plan — narrative and message architecture, target outlet tiers, announcement calendar, proof points, spokespeople, and the honest assessment of which stories are actually newsworthy versus which need a different channel.

Ethics, disclosure and compliance

The PRSA Code of Ethics, disclosure of who is paying, FTC endorsement and native-advertising rules for sponsored placements, Regulation FD for public companies, and the emerging question of disclosing AI-generated pitches, quotes and imagery. This is the pillar that separates a professional firm from a placement mill.

Crisis communications and issues management

Holding statements, dark sites, spokesperson designation, escalation matrices, tabletop exercises, apology frameworks, and the reputation risk register. Buyers usually arrive here first, often mid-incident, and it is the highest-value retainer trigger in the category.

Measurement, reporting and proving PR value

The Barcelona Principles, outputs versus outcomes versus impact, share of voice, message pull-through, sentiment and quality-of-coverage scoring, referral traffic and branded search lift — and why advertising value equivalency persists in client decks despite being formally rejected.

Press materials and the online newsroom

Press release versus media alert versus backgrounder, boilerplate, media kit, executive bios and headshots, fact sheets, image and B-roll libraries, and a newsroom page structured so journalists and AI answer engines can both find and cite the facts.

Spokesperson development and media training

Message discipline, bridging, handling hostile questions, on-camera and podcast performance, on-the-record rules, and designating and preparing the right voice for routine announcements versus a crisis. Scoped to media performance, not personal brand programs.

Product launch and announcement strategy

Embargo and exclusive structures, briefing sequencing, launch-day tiering, funding and M&A announcements, coordinating with the wire, and what actually happens when an embargo breaks.

Industry verticals and beat coverage

Technology, healthcare and life sciences, financial services, consumer and hospitality, real estate and construction, energy, nonprofit and public sector. Each has its own beat structure, regulatory constraints, trade press and definition of a credible source.

Trade and vertical media

Why a trade placement that reaches 4,000 buyers often outperforms a national hit that reaches four million strangers — trade beat mapping, contributed-article programs, and the editorial calendars that let a year of coverage be planned in advance.

Awards, speaking and third-party recognition

Industry awards programs and their entry economics, conference speaking placement and CFP writing, list and ranking submissions, and honest guidance on which recognitions carry weight versus which are pay-to-play.

Analyst and influencer relations

Briefings and inquiry cycles with industry analysts, vendor evaluations and research placement, and the parallel discipline of working with creators and independent voices — including the material-connection disclosure obligations that attach to paid or gifted relationships.

Podcasts, newsletters and creator placements

The pitch targets that did not exist a decade ago: independent Substack newsletters, industry podcasts, YouTube and video creators, and how to evaluate their reach and credibility against a traditional outlet.

Agency models, scope and fees

Retainer versus project versus performance-based pricing, hours and staffing plans, scope creep, agency-of-record versus specialist rosters, in-house versus agency, RFP and pitch processes, and how to read an agency proposal that promises coverage nobody can promise.

AI in public relations

Where AI genuinely helps — research, media list triage, monitoring, first drafts, summarization — and where it damages results, including AI-written pitches that journalists detect and discard, hallucinated quotes and statistics, and the shift toward optimizing coverage so answer engines cite it.

Concepts

PRSA Code of Ethics
The profession's core ethical framework in the US, built on six values (advocacy, honesty, expertise, independence, loyalty, fairness) and provisions covering free flow of information, competition, disclosure of information, safeguarding confidences, conflicts of interest and enhancing the profession. It is enforced by expulsion from membership rather than by law, so it functions as a professional standard, not a regulation.
Disclosure of client relationships
The obligation to reveal who is paying for a communication — to journalists, to audiences and in third-party placements. Undisclosed sponsorship is the single most common way PR work becomes an ethics story about the firm rather than a coverage story about the client.
FTC endorsement guides
The Federal Trade Commission's guidance on endorsements and testimonials, revised in 2023, requiring that any material connection between an endorser and a brand be disclosed clearly and conspicuously. It reaches influencers, employees, incentivized reviewers and the brands and agencies that hire them.
Material connection
Any relationship between an endorser and a brand that a reasonable audience would not expect and that could affect the weight given to the endorsement — payment, free product, employment, family ties, contest entry. Its existence, not its size, triggers the disclosure duty.
Pay-for-play and sponsored-content labelling
Paying an outlet or contributor for placement or favourable treatment. It is not illegal when disclosed and labelled as sponsored or paid content, and it is deceptive when it is presented as independent editorial. The label has to be visible before the audience engages, not buried at the end.
Native advertising disclosure
Paid content designed to match the form and function of the surrounding editorial. The FTC's guidance turns on the net impression: if a reasonable consumer would think it was independent journalism, the disclosure is inadequate no matter what the fine print says.
Regulation FD
The SEC rule requiring that when a public company discloses material non-public information to analysts or selected investors, it must disclose it broadly and simultaneously (or promptly, if unintentional). It is why embargoed briefings, selective press exclusives and off-hand executive remarks are a legal exposure for a listed company, not just a comms decision.
Embargo and exclusive
An embargo gives multiple journalists information early on the agreement that nothing publishes before a set time; an exclusive gives one outlet the story alone in exchange for depth and prominence. Breaking an embargo — or quietly giving a nominal exclusive to two outlets — costs the relationship, and journalists share the fact widely.
On the record, background, deep background, off the record
The four attribution levels. On the record: everything is quotable and attributable by name. On background: usable but attributed to a described source ('a company spokesperson'). Deep background: usable as the reporter's own framing with no source reference. Off the record: not usable at all. The terms must be agreed before the information is given, never after, and definitions vary enough between outlets that they should be stated explicitly.
Source verification
Confirming that a claim, statistic, credential or quote is real and correctly attributed before it goes into a pitch or release. A single fabricated or misattributed figure retires a spokesperson's credibility with a beat reporter permanently.
AI-generated pitches and quotes
Outreach or executive quotes drafted by a language model. The practical risk is detection and discard — journalists report recognising generic AI-written pitches and deprioritising the sender. The ethical risk is a quote attributed to a human who never said it and a statistic the model invented.
Media list
The working list of journalists, editors, producers and independent writers who genuinely cover a topic, with beat, outlet, contact preference and recent coverage. A researched list of forty is worth more than a purchased list of four thousand, which is how most pitches end up in spam.
Pitch
The short, personalised message proposing a story to a specific journalist. It has to answer why this, why now, why you and why this reporter, in the length of a phone screen.
Hook
The angle that makes a story interesting to that outlet's audience rather than to the client. Most rejected pitches describe a company; accepted pitches describe a change, a conflict, a number or a person.
News peg
The current event, data release, regulatory change or anniversary that makes a story timely today. Without a peg, an editor's answer is almost always 'not now' rather than 'no'.
Newsjacking
Inserting a client's expert perspective into a breaking story while it is still developing. It rewards speed and genuine expertise and punishes obvious opportunism, especially around tragedy.
Press release vs media alert vs backgrounder
A press release is the formal announcement written for quotation and distribution; a media alert is the who/what/when/where logistics note inviting coverage of an event; a backgrounder is the deeper non-promotional reference document supplying context, history and technical detail a reporter needs to write accurately.
Boilerplate
The standing 'About [company]' paragraph at the foot of a release. It is the description that gets copied verbatim into coverage and increasingly into AI-generated summaries, which makes it worth far more attention than it usually gets.
Media kit
The assembled press resources — fact sheet, boilerplate, executive bios and headshots, logos, product images, B-roll, past coverage — kept current and downloadable so a journalist on deadline never has to ask.
Byline / contributed article
An article written under a client executive's name and published by an outlet as editorial contribution rather than paid placement. Trade publications run them widely; most require exclusivity and prohibit promotional language about the author's own product.
Op-ed
An opinion piece submitted to a news outlet arguing a position. It requires an actual argument, standing to make it and a timely peg, and major outlets accept a very small fraction of submissions — regional and trade placement is usually the realistic target.
Source request (HARO-style)
Marketplaces where journalists post what expertise they need and sources respond — the model popularised by Help a Reporter Out and now served by Qwoted, Featured, MentionMatch and Source of Sources. High volume, low hit rate, and effective only when responses are fast, specific and genuinely expert.
Desk-side briefing
A short, off-news meeting between an executive and a journalist to build understanding and relationship before there is anything to announce. It is an investment, not a placement tactic, and it is what makes a later pitch get read.
Media tour and press junket
A sequence of briefings with multiple outlets, either in one city or across several, often around a launch or trade show. A junket where the brand pays travel and hospitality carries disclosure obligations for the journalist's outlet and reputational risk for both sides.
Launch embargo strategy
The plan governing who is briefed when before an announcement — tier-one exclusive, embargoed briefings for trades, wire crossing at hour zero, and the sequencing of blog, customer and analyst notification so nothing leaks ahead of the story that matters most.
Tier-one vs trade coverage
Tier one is the large general-audience outlet with mass reach and low buyer density; trade press reaches a small audience that is almost entirely buyers, specifiers and peers. Trade coverage usually moves the business; tier one usually moves the boardroom.
Impressions vs reach vs readership
Impressions counts potential exposures and double-counts the same person; reach counts unique people; readership estimates how many actually read the piece. Most PR reports quote impressions because it is the largest number available, which is exactly why it persuades nobody senior.
Share of voice
A brand's proportion of the total coverage or conversation in its category over a period, versus named competitors. It is the most defensible comparative earned-media metric because it normalises for how much the whole category was covered.
Message pull-through
The percentage of coverage that actually carries the key messages the campaign set out to place. It measures whether the story was told the way it was pitched, and it is the metric that most often exposes coverage that looked good and said nothing.
Sentiment
Whether coverage reads positive, neutral or negative toward the subject. Automated scoring handles volume but misreads sarcasm, industry idiom and neutral-but-damaging framing, so credible programs sample and human-verify.
Quality of coverage scoring
A weighted score per article combining outlet relevance, prominence (headline or passing mention), message pull-through, spokesperson quotation, visuals, links and sentiment. It replaces clip counting with a defensible ranking of what each placement was worth.
AVE (advertising value equivalency)
The discredited practice of pricing coverage at what the equivalent ad space would have cost, sometimes multiplied by an invented 'credibility multiplier'. It confuses cost with value, ignores whether the coverage was positive, and cannot be reconciled with the fact that nobody bought anything.
Barcelona Principles
AMEC's international framework for communications measurement, first set in 2010 and updated to version 3.0 in 2020. They require goal setting and measurement, measurement of outcomes rather than only outputs, effect on organisational performance, both qualitative and quantitative methods, transparent and replicable measurement, and they state explicitly that AVEs are not the value of communication.
Outputs vs outcomes vs impact
Outputs are what the program produced (releases sent, placements landed); outcomes are what changed in the audience (awareness, understanding, preference, action); impact is what changed in the organisation (pipeline, hiring, valuation, policy, risk avoided). Reporting stops at outputs precisely where budgets get cut.
Referral traffic and branded search lift
The two hard digital signals a placement leaves: clicks arriving from the article, and the rise in people searching the brand by name afterwards. Branded search lift often survives when referral traffic does not, because most readers never click the link.
Awards program economics
Entry fees, tiered submission deadlines, category proliferation and paid gala tables mean many 'awards' are revenue products. The test is whether the judging panel is named and independent and whether anyone outside the industry has heard of the award.
Speaking placement
Securing conference and panel slots through call-for-papers submissions, program committee relationships and sponsorship-adjacent tracks. A keynote is earned; a 'sponsored speaking opportunity' is bought, and audiences increasingly tell the difference.
Analyst relations
The structured discipline of briefing industry research firms, responding to inquiry, participating in vendor evaluations and correcting the record. Analysts influence enterprise shortlists directly, and unlike journalists they will usually tell you what they think before publishing.
Holding statement
The pre-drafted first response issued within minutes of an incident: what is known, what is being done, care for those affected, and when more will follow. Its job is to occupy the vacuum before speculation fills it, not to explain the incident.
Dark site
A pre-built, unpublished crisis web page or site section ready to go live in minutes with statements, facts, contacts and updates. It gives the organisation a citable source of record when its main site and social channels are overwhelmed.
Spokesperson designation and escalation matrix
The pre-agreed decision of who speaks for the organisation at each severity level, and the matrix defining which incidents escalate to whom, within what time, with what approval path. Both must exist before the incident, because the argument about who speaks is what costs the first hour.
Tabletop exercise
A simulated crisis run against the plan with the real decision-makers in the room, testing notification, drafting, approval and spokesperson readiness under time pressure. It reliably exposes the approval bottleneck that would otherwise be discovered live.
Apology framework: statement of regret vs admission
A statement of regret expresses sympathy for what happened; an admission accepts responsibility for causing it. The difference carries legal and insurance consequences, so the language is drafted with counsel — but audiences read hedged non-apologies accurately, and the reputational cost of sounding evasive is often larger than the liability being protected.
Reputation risk register
A maintained inventory of the scenarios that could damage the organisation, scored by likelihood and severity, each with an owner, a pre-drafted position and a trigger for escalation. It converts crisis communications from improvisation into preparation.
Media training
Rehearsed preparation for interviews: message discipline, bridging from a hostile question back to the point, handling hypotheticals and silence, and knowing that nothing said with a reporter present is truly off the record unless it was agreed in advance.
Retainer vs project vs performance-based fees
A retainer buys ongoing capacity and relationships, usually monthly against a staffing plan; a project buys a defined deliverable such as a launch or crisis response; performance-based pricing ties fees to placements or outcomes. Performance pricing is uncommon in earned media for a structural reason — the agency does not control the publication decision — and where it exists it tends to pull work toward low-quality guaranteed placements.

What’s happening

Questions people ask

What is the difference between PR and advertising?

advertising buys guaranteed placement and controls the message; PR earns coverage a third party chooses to publish and controls only the pitch -- the credibility difference and the control difference are the same trade

What is earned, owned, paid and shared media?

define the PESO model plainly and note that the boundaries blur in practice -- a sponsored post is paid even when it looks earned, which is exactly why disclosure rules exist

What is a press release and when is one actually the right format?

say a release is a record and a distribution artifact, not a pitch; it earns its place for material announcements and searchable record, while a targeted email pitch does more for coverage

What is the difference between a press release, a media alert and a backgrounder?

release announces news; alert is logistics for an event a journalist might attend; backgrounder gives context that is never itself published -- each has a different reader and a different length

What does off the record actually mean, and how is it different from background?

define on the record, on background, deep background and off the record, and stress that the terms mean nothing unless agreed in advance with that specific reporter -- assume everything is on the record until it is not

What is an embargo and what happens if a journalist breaks it?

describe it as an agreed publication time offered in exchange for prep time, note it is a norm rather than a contract, and say the real remedy is future access -- and that an unagreed embargo is not an embargo at all

What is a news peg and why do pitches fail without one?

explain that a journalist needs a reason to publish today; a peg is that reason -- data, a decision, a deadline, a conflict -- and that a company milestone is rarely a peg on its own

What is the difference between tier-one and trade coverage, and which matters more?

say tier-one buys credibility and reach while trade reaches buyers; which matters more depends on the sales cycle and audience, which the reader knows and you do not

What is a byline or contributed article, and how is it different from an op-ed?

byline is expertise published in a trade under an executive's name; an op-ed argues a position for a general audience; both are earned placements with editorial standards, not paid content

What is AVE and why do measurement people object to it?

define advertising value equivalency as pricing earned coverage at ad rates, and state the industry position plainly: AVE is not the value of communication -- it survives because it produces one big number, not because it measures anything

What are the Barcelona Principles?

describe them as AMEC's consensus framework for communication measurement -- goal setting, measuring outcomes not just outputs, no AVEs, transparency and consistency -- and name the current version correctly: AMEC launched Barcelona Principles 4.0 in mid-2025, superseding 3.0 from 2020

What is a holding statement and when do you use one?

describe it as pre-approved language that acknowledges an event, states what is known and what is being done, and commits to an update -- its whole value is that it can go out in minutes

What can a PR firm actually promise?

a firm can promise effort, targeting, quality of materials, response speed and specific deliverables; it cannot promise placements, sentiment, or a story in a named outlet -- and a guarantee of any of those is either paid placement or a red flag worth naming

Can a PR agency guarantee coverage in a specific publication?

answer no without hedging: the publication decides, and any guarantee means the placement is paid, which then carries sponsored-content disclosure obligations; treat the guarantee itself as the disqualifying signal

How much does PR cost -- retainer, project or performance-based?

explain the three models and what each is good for, and be explicit that performance-based pricing pushes the firm toward volume placements; the actual fee depends on scope and market, so ask for a scoped proposal rather than a rate

What should be in a PR scope of work so I can compare two proposals?

require named senior hours per month, deliverable counts, media list ownership, response-time commitments, reporting cadence and what happens in a crisis -- hours and seniority are where proposals actually differ

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